Promising designs of water-heating boilers is great power for centralized heat supply systems.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual theme - an increase of energy efficiency of powerful heating boilers and heat supply stations of centralized heat supply systems of Ukrainian cities, in particular replacing their operational term and physically worn water heat boilers of high capacity.In fact, in high-power boiler-houses of district heating systems of the cities of Ukraine, water-heating boilers of two series - PTVM and KVGM are used. Both types of boilers today do not meet the needs of the market - the requirements of normative documents on the environment and on energy efficiency. In the post-Soviet countries of the Baltic and Eastern Europe, there has been a great deal of experience in modernizing these boilers in order to increase their environmental and thermal performance. In particular, due to the replacement of burners by more than one hour, reduction of their number for boilers of the PTV series, the arrangement of gas-density screen surfaces in boiler furnaces, on-the-spot molding on light fibrous materials, deep automation of boilers operation and equipment with frequency regulators of load-bearing machines. However, if it is necessary to increase the capacity of large boiler-houses, it is inappropriate to use boilers of the types of PTVM and KVGM.In the article reviewed in the technical literature, a large amount of information was analyzed with the results of studies on optimization of the design of powerful steam boilers, in particular, to optimize the design of burners in furnaces. The analysis of this information has shown that it can be used for the design of high-power water heat boilers (from 30 MW to 200 MW).On the basis of information analysis, selected directions of optimization of structures of water-heating boilers of high capacity of the location of burners in the vault or in the subsoil, the use of gas-density screen surfaces, part of which is carried out by two-colored, the use of as few modulated low-NOx burners of high power, deep automation of boilers and boiler-houses in general.The article gives an example of a conceptual design of a 120 MW water boiler using the above principles in comparison with a boiler of the same capacity, which is an upgraded variant of the boiler PTVM-100 capacity of 116 MW. The equation shows that the proposed conceptual design of a water-heating boiler has almost 2.5 times less metal capacity, almost 2 times less than height, which has much more flexibility and wide regulation, which leads to lower cost of the boiler itself and, accordingly, the cost of installation work.