Prominence and coherence in a Bayesian theory of pronoun interpretation

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A standard assumption in linguistic and psycholinguistic research on pronoun use is that production and interpretation are guided by the same set of contextual factors. Kehler et al. (2008) and Kehler and Rohde (2013) have argued instead for a model based on Bayesian principles in which pronoun production is insensitive to a class of semantically- and pragmatically-driven contextual biases that have been shown to influence pronoun interpretation. Here we evaluate the model using a passage completion study that employs a subtle contextual manipulation to which traditional analyses are insensitive, specifically by varying whether or not a relative clause that modifies the direct object in the context sentence invites the inference of a cause of the event that the sentence denotes. The results support the claim that pronoun interpretation biases, but not production biases, are sensitive to this pragmatic enrichment, revealing precisely the asymmetry predicted by our Bayesian Model. A correlation analysis further establishes that the model provides better estimates of measured pronoun interpretation biases than two competing models from the literature.