Projective psychology of personality typology

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years, graphical methods belonging to the class of projective methods have become very popular in psychological research, they enable a person to project reality himself and interpret it in his own way. Purpose setting. The expanding use of graphic methods and procedures has not yet led to the creation of works summarizing the experience of their use, to the formation of a general approach to the psychological analysis of different types of images. Methodology and methods of the study. The material for the analysis was the results of three series of experimental work, in which more than four thousand and more than three thousand drawings were obtained and analyzed according to the methods: constructive drawing of a person from geometric figures, psycho-geometrics by Susan Dellinger, Rorschach, etc. Results. The conducted analysis showed that the ratio of various elements in constructive drawings is not accidental, which allowed us to identify seven main types, which correspond to typological characteristics. The typological characteristic is based on the frequency of occurrence of a certain type among the respondents, as well as expert and subjective validity obtained as a result of a large number of conversations and observations during the survey. The article analyzes the long-term results of the study of students» personality typology using projective (graphic) methods. Conclusion. Based on a comparison of the results obtained using the graphical methods described by us, we came to the following conclusions. The use of graphic techniques significantly enriches the entire process of professional consultation, complements the individual characteristics of students who have chosen certain areas of professional activity. The study of individual psychological prerequisites for professional self-determination of a person using graphic methods has certain positive prospects: it allows a deeper analysis of the characteristics of an individual and develops more adequate recommendations for improving the effectiveness of professional self-determination of both youth and adults. Due to the projective nature of most graphic procedures, their results, as our research shows, are less susceptible to mind control, and this is a very important tool in favor of their application, since graphic diagnostic methods work «through a projection» onto the grid of psychological personality types, along with appropriate methods of the standard psychodiagnostic procedures for assessing personal qualities (MMPI, Cattell, Eysenck, etc.).