Projective anthropology: technogenesis and organosynthesis in the philosophy of cosmism

Abstract

The article explores the problem of purposeful human evolution, acquiring a new dimension in the unfolding fourth industrial revolution. The object of socio-philosophical analysis is a complex of ideas of N.F. Fedorov's teachings about the actively-evolutionary perspectives of man, the humanistic potential of cosmosophy as a whole. The subject is specific methods and principles of the evolution of Homo sapiens, the final image of the «perfect man» proposed by the cosmosophy and defined in the main features of projective-cultural anthropology. The fundamental concepts that express the intention of transforming the «old man» are revealed in the value field of humanistic representations of the philosophy of cosmism. The article explicates by the method of content-analysis the semantic variations of such concepts as full organisms, natural tissue creation, organo-creation, psychocracy. The synthesis of cosmosophy's ideas about a person is carried out in the form of an integral cultural-evolutionary, humanistically given projection of a human being. Attention is focused on the fact that in the planned practice of real improvement of the «son of man», the cosmosophy confirms the beginning of creative-organic cultivation of projectively given anthropology, assigning to the technical equipment of the process an auxiliary and temporary role. For discussion within the topic frame of a new anthropology formation, it is proposed that the classical form of humanism will inevitably undergo a transformation in the technological environment of Industry 4.0. It is pointed out that the radical forms of transhumanism can provoke a new form of technology race, transferred to the humanistic sphere, and create risks of cyber segregation in society. In conclusion, it is argued that on the issue of the transformation of Homo sapiens anthropological identity, the philosophy of cosmism takes a firm and justified supramoralistic and suprahumanistic position. Cosmosophy postulates an organic principle in the cultivation of cultural anthropology and the principle of the natural gradualness of the evolutionary process.