Progressive Technologies of Waste Utilization as Drivers of Sustainable Development

Abstract

The article considers technological approaches to solid waste utilization from the perspective of beneficial effects. The waste utilization management is explored in the context of dominant principle of the circular economy: waste should be processed into secondary resources, reducing environmental risks. The author’s novelty is separation of waste processing methods according to the specifics of participation in utilization processes: primary (preparatory stage) and secondary (stage of waste processing). Primary (preliminary) methods are collection and storage without being an active recycling stage. It is emphasized that he waste separate collection is an important condition for creating a responsible “garbage culture” in society. Secondary methods (recycling) are next stage with mechanical, chemical and thermal impact on the waste for processing in order to obtain a useful effect. Recycling methods are represented by progressive technologies: high-temperature pyrolysis with barbotage process, gasification, air- and electro-separation, bio-thermal composting and digital technologies for waste management. It is noted that reducing of landfills, implementation of recycling, and digital methods are pivotal trends in developed countries. Concluded that citizen’s conscientiousness and progressive waste technologies are necessary conditions for the transition to sustainable development.