Progressive Bulbar Palsy Care: Exploring the Potential of Functional MRI for Early Detection

Abstract

Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) is a neurodegenerative disorder impacting motor neurons involved in speech, swallowing, and breathing. Early diagnosis is challenging due to limited diagnostic tools. Functional MRI (fMRI) holds promise for detecting early biomarkers and tracking disease progression, potentially improving clinical management. This study aims to explore the utility of fMRI in developing imaging biomarkers for the early detection, prognostication, and monitoring of PBP. By addressing existing gaps in the literature, the research seeks to demonstrate how fMRI can enhance diagnostic accuracy, provide predictive insights into disease progression, and improve patient outcomes. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar. The search focused on articles published from 2018 onwards, using keywords related to PBP and fMRI. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed studies involving human subjects relevant to the use of fMRI in PBP. Exclusion criteria excluded non-peer-reviewed articles, non-English publications, and studies not specifically addressing fMRI in PBP. Data synthesis involved both qualitative and quantitative analyses of identified biomarkers, diagnostic accuracy, and prognostic value. The review identified several fMRI biomarkers that show potential for early detection and monitoring of PBP. These biomarkers, derived from functional and structural changes in corticobulbar pathways, offer enhanced sensitivity compared to traditional diagnostic methods. Predictive models based on fMRI metrics can forecast disease progression, aiding in personalized treatment planning. The study concludes that integrating fMRI into clinical practice could lead to earlier interventions, more accurate prognostic assessments, and improved management of PBP, ultimately enhancing patient quality of life and outcomes.