Abstract
CRISPR-Cas systems naturally protect bacteria and archaea from foreign genetic elements such as plasmids or bacteriophages.In CRISPR-Cas9 technology from type ⅡCRISPR-Cas systems, the DNA-cleaving activity is performed by a single enzyme Cas9 guided by a single-guide RNA.This system has become a powerful tool for genetic engineering because of its simple design, easy operation, high specificity and highe fficiency.In this review, we described the classification and mechanism of the CRISPR-Cas systems, the development and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 system in bacteria recently. Key words: CRISPR-Cas9 system; Bacteria; Genome engineering; Gene regulation
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