Progress in the Application of Interventional Technique in Malignant Obstructive Jaundice

Abstract

Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is usually due to the terminal stages of tumor, so there is no time for curative surgery. Hyperbilirubinemia caused by MOJ can cause damage to systems throughout the body and affect the survival prognosis. Symptomatic treatment is needed even in the advanced stage of the disease. Interventional therapy and surgery are the main means to relieve biliary obstruction, but patients have poor tolerance to surgery at this time, and the risk of surgery is high. At this time, the focus of treatment is to remove the obstruction of the biliary tract as early as possible to avoid the further aggravation of jaundice, progressive deterioration of liver function and other serious complications. Biliary interventional therapy has the special advantage of minimally invasive, and is an effective treatment for patients with advanced MOJ. Currently, bile duct interventional therapy mainly includes bile duct interventional drainage, biliary stent implantation, iodine-125 (¹²⁵ I) seed strand implantation, biliary radiofrequency ablation（RFA）and Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT), etc. Each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages in clinical application. With the progress of medical technology and the improvement and perfection of hardware equipment, the combination of multiple clinical departments and multiple operation methods will become a new trend of MOJ interventional therapy.