Abstract
Formic acid is a liquid organic hydrogen carrier giving hydrogen on demand using catalysts. Metal complexes are known to be used as efficient catalysts for the hydrogen production from formic acid decomposition. Their performance could be better than those of supported catalysts with metal nanoparticles. However, difficulties to separate metal complexes from the reaction mixture limit their industrial applications. This problem can be resolved by supporting metal complexes on the surface of different supports, which may additionally provide some surface sites for the formic acid activation. The review analyzes the literature on the application of supported metal complexes in the hydrogen production from formic acid. It shows that the catalytic activity of some stable Ru and Ir supported metal complexes may exceed the activity of homogeneous metal complexes used for deposition. Non-noble metal-based complexes containing Fe demonstrated sufficiently high performance in the reaction; however, they can be poisoned by water present in formic acid. The proposed review could be useful for development of novel catalysts for the hydrogen production.
Highlights
Hydrogen is mainly used for ammonia synthesis and the petrochemical industry
The International Energy Agency reported that the hydrogen production reached 75 mln of tons and that it was accompanied by emission of 830 mln tons of CO2 [1]
We have not found a specialized review related to application of supported metal complexes in the hydrogen production from formic acid
Summary
Hydrogen is mainly used for ammonia synthesis and the petrochemical industry. Its traditional production involves non-renewable sources and processes giving a significant emission of carbon dioxide leading to global warming. Formic acid could be used as a donor ported on N-doped carbon may provide a higher activity in thedifferent formic acid decomposition of hydrogen instead of molecular hydrogen to hydrogenate organic substances for production of fuels and intermediates for fuels [4,10] It could be applied for synthesis of γ-valerolactone from C6 sugars and levulinic acid [11], 2,5-dimethylfuran from. Separation of the catalysts with noble metals could be important for production of hydrogen from reaction mixtures containing formic acid and obtained from biomass To solve this problem, metal complexes could be supported on different supports. We have not found a specialized review related to application of supported metal complexes in the hydrogen production from formic acid This subject is worth to discuss since this type of the catalysts shows excellent activity, selectivity and stability in the reaction and can be separated from the reaction mixture
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