Abstract
BackgroundCXCL5 is a member of the CXC-type chemokine family, which has been found to play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that CXCL5 could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancer patients. However, the prognostic value of CXCL5 is still controversial.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science to obtain all relevant articles investigating the prognostic significance of CXCL5 expression in cancer patients. Hazards ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled to estimate the association between CXCL5 expression levels with survival of cancer patients.ResultsA total of 15 eligible studies including 19 cohorts and 5070 patients were enrolled in the current meta-analysis. Our results demonstrated that elevated expression level of CXCL5 was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (pooled HR 1.70; 95% CI 1.36–2.12), progression-free survival (pooled HR 1.65; 95% CI 1.09–2.49) and recurrence-free survival (pooled HR 1.49; 95% CI 1.15–1.93) in cancer patients. However, high or low expression of CXCL5 made no difference in predicting the disease-free survival (pooled HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.11–3.49) of cancer patients. Furthermore, we found that high CXCL5 expression was associated with reduced OS in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.31–2.78) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.55–2.27). However, there was no significant association between expression level of CXCL5 with the OS in lung cancer (HR 1.25; 95% CI 0.79–1.99) and colorectal cancer (HR 1.16; 95% CI 0.32–4.22, p = 0.826) in current meta-analysis.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our meta-analysis suggested that elevated CXCL5 expression might be an adverse prognostic marker for cancer patients, which could help the clinical decision making process.
Highlights
CXCL5 is a member of the CXC-type chemokine family, which has been found to play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression
Our results demonstrated that high CXCL5 expression was associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (HR 1.91; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.31–2.78, p = 0.001) (Fig. 4a) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.55– 2.27, p < 0.001) (Fig. 4b)
There was no significant association between expression level of CXCL5 with OS of cancer patients in lung cancer (HR 1.25; 95% CI 0.79–1.99, p = 0.335) (Fig. 4c) and colorectal cancer (HR 1.16; 95% CI 0.32–4.22, p = 0.826) (Fig. 4d)
Summary
CXCL5 is a member of the CXC-type chemokine family, which has been found to play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. According to cysteine residues in the NH2-terminal part of the protein, chemokines can be classified into four highly conserved groups, namely C, CC, CXC, and CX3C [5] Chemokines and their receptors could bring about the transcription of target genes involved in cell invasion, Hu et al Cancer Cell Int (2018) 18:68 motility, survival and interactions with the extracellular matrix, which can induce migration, chemotaxis and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton in the target cell, and promote multiple physiological functions of cells, including cell growth, development, differentiation and apoptosis [6,7,8,9]. Given the important roles of chemokines in cancer, abnormal expression of chemokines has been detected in many tumors, and several chemokines have been proven to be associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients [15,16,17]
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