Abstract
BackgroundCXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors. Nevertheless, whether CXCR7 can be used as a tumor prognosis marker has not been systematically assessed. The current meta-analysis was performed to obtain an accurate evaluation of the relationship between CXCR7 level and the prognosis of cancer patients.MethodsEmbase, Web of Science, and PubMed were systematically searched according to a defined search strategy up to June 11, 2018. Then, the required data were extracted from all qualified studies which were screened out based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of CXCR7 in tumor patients.ResultsA total of 28 original research studies comprising 33 cohorts and 5685 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that CXCR7 overexpression was significantly related to worse overall survival (OS) (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.49–1.99), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 5.58; 95% CI 3.16–9.85), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.66–4.85) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 1.58; 95% CI 1.34–1.88) in cancer patients. Furthermore, for certain types of cancer, significant associations between higher CXCR7 expression and worse OS of glioma (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.43–2.19), breast cancer (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.28–1.63), esophageal cancer (HR 2.72; 95% CI 1.11–6.66) and pancreatic cancer (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.12–1.90) were found. However, for lung cancer and hepatocellular cancer, there was no significant relationship between CXCR7 expression level and OS, (HR 2.40; 95% CI 0.34–17.07) and (HR 1.37; 95% CI 0.84–2.24) respectively.ConclusionsIncreased CXCR7 level could predict poor prognosis of tumor patients and might be regarded as a novel prognostic biomarker for tumor patients.
Highlights
CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors
134 meeting abstracts, 16 patents, 7 non-English articles, 102 reviews, 439 studies focusing on non-CXCR7 topics and 51 studies about noncancer topics were excluded by skimming titles and abstracts
The types of cancer evaluated in the current meta-analysis were glioma (n = 3) [31,32,33], thyroid carcinoma (n = 1) [34], esophageal cancer (n = 3) [35,36,37], breast cancer (n = 4) [38,39,40,41], hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 2) [42, 43], lung cancer (n = 2) [44, 45], pancreatic cancer (n = 2) [23, 46], renal cancer (n = 2) [10, 47], oral carcinoma (n = 1) [48], chondrosarcoma (n = 1) [49], gastric cancer (n = 1) [50], colorectal carcinoma (n = 3) [24, 51, 52], gallbladder cancer (n = 1) [53], extramammary Paget disease (n = 1) [26] and cervical cancer (n = 1) [54]
Summary
CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors. Chemokines are small proteins that primarily regulate cell trafficking and the differentiation and functions of various tissues [4]. Chemokines and their receptors have been regarded as mediators of chronic inflammation, which exerts. CXCR4 is the first identified receptor for CXCL12, and it is generally recognized that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis participates in many aspects of cancer, such as the angiogenesis, metastasis, and the survival of cancer cells [7]. Consistent with the important roles of CXCL12/CXCR4 in cancer, many studies have proven that high levels of CXCL12 and CXCR4 are related to worse prognosis in various malignant tumors [8, 9]
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