Prognostic biomarker HAMP and associates with immune infiltration in gastric cancer

Abstract

BackgroundGastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors and has high morbidity and mortality rates. Hepcidin, as a peptide hormone, plays a vital role in regulating systemic iron homeostasis. Nevertheless, the clinical predictive value of HAMP, especially its correlation with immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer, has not yet been elucidated. MethodsHAMP expression in gastric cancer cells and tissues was assessed using experiments and bioinformatics platforms. Clinical and pathologic information was collected to stratify patients with gastric cancer for comparison. We used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods to explore the association between HAMP expression levels and overall survival. Based on “The Cancer Genome Atlas” datasets, we analyzed whether HAMP expression is associated with immune cell infiltration levels and evaluated the prognostic impact of HAMP on survival of patients with gastric cancer partially through immune cell infiltration. ResultsHAMP mRNA was more highly expressed in gastric cancer cells and tumor tissues than in normal tissues. Moreover, elevated HAMP expression was correlated with poor overall survival. In addition, HAMP expression was related to sex, tumor stage, node stage, metastasis stage, Lauren classification, and differentiation in stratified patients. Notably, HAMP gene expression was found to be significantly related to the infiltration levels of immune cells, and that HAMP affects the survival rate in gastric cancer through the immune pathway. ConclusionHigh HAMP expression may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker through the immune pathway in patients with gastric cancer.