Prognosis value of serum soluble ST2 level in acute ischemic stroke and STEMI patients in the era of mechanical reperfusion therapy.

Abstract

Soluble form suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) is known to have prognostic value in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and could impact mortality after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, before considering sST2 as a therapeutic target, the kinetics of release and its association with adverse clinical events in both STEMI and AIS patients have to be determined. We prospectively enrolled 251 STEMI patients, treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and 152 AIS patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. We evaluated the level of sST2 in patient sera at five time point (admission, 4, 24, 48h and 1month from admission for STEMI patients and admission, 6, 24, 48h and 3months from admission for AIS patients). Major adverse clinical events (MACE) (all-cause death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalization for heart failure) in STEMI patients and all-cause death in AIS patients were recorded during a 12-month follow-up. Mean age of the study population was 59 ± 12 and 69 ± 15years in STEMI and AIS patients, respectively. In STEMI patients, sST2 peaked 24h after admission (25.5ng/mL interquartile range (IQR) [14.9-29.1]) whereas an earlier and lower peak was observed in AIS patients (16.8ng/mL IQR [15.2-18.3] at 6h). Twenty-five (10.0%) STEMI patients experienced a MACE and 12 (7.9%) AIS patients had all-cause death within the first 12months. A high level of sST2 at 24h was associated with MACE in STEMI patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.1-5.6], p = 0.03) and all-cause death in AIS patients (HR = 11.7; 95% CI [3.8-36.2], p < 0.01) within the first 12months. The study highlights that sST2 levels at 24h are associated with an increased risk to adverse clinical events in both diseases.