Profile of patients undergoing coronary angiography at tertiary care center in Northeast India

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increased age, male sex, diabetes-mellitus, hypertension, smoking, and dyslipidemia are important risk factors of CAD. Diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG) and subsequent angioplasty is the mainstay of management in CAD. Objectives: The objective of the study is (1) To study the clinical and echocardiographic profile among patients undergoing CAG. (2) To analyze the angiographic findings with respect to CAD risk factors. Methods: A observational cross-sectional study of 100 patients who underwent CAG at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Imphal, from October 2015 to September 2017 were studied. Detailed history and echocardiographic findings were obtained. Angiographic findings were studied with respect to various risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 21) and Chi-square test. Results: Single vessel disease was the most common angiographic abnormality (71%). Left anterior descending artery was the most common artery involved, followed by the right coronary artery and left circumflex artery, respectively. Elderly patients (>60 years) and males had more severe form of CAD. Triple vessel disease (TVD) was more common in diabetic patients than nondiabetics (16.7% >5.7%, P = 0.153). Hypertensives had less severe disease when compared to nonhypertensives. Smoking had no effect on the severity of disease. All patients with TVD had regional wall motion abnormality, and severe systolic dysfunction was present in 33.3% of them. Conclusions: Increased age, male sex, and patients with diabetes mellitus were predisposed to develop more severe CAD. Smoking, hypertension, and dyslipidemia had no effect on severity or pattern of artery involvement.