Coronary Angiographic Profile of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract

Abstract Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It occurs due to blockage of blood vessels supplying the area of the heart. Increased age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and significant alcohol history are some of the major risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). After coronary angiography, (CAG) angioplasty is the mainstay of treatment. Objectives: The objectives were: (1) To assess the clinical profile of patients with ACS. (2) To study the angiographic profile of patients with ACS. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 110 patients who underwent CAG at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Amritsar, from April 2021 to July 2022 was studied. Detailed history and echocardiographic findings were obtained. Angiographic findings were studied with management. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22) and Chi-square test. Results: Double-vessel disease was the most common angiographic abnormality in unstable angina and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); whereas in non-STEMI, triple-vessel disease was the most common. The left anterior descending artery was the most common artery involved. Patients with the age of 51–60 years were the most commonly involved patients, and males had a more severe form of CAD. Smoking did not affect the severity of the disease. Conclusions: Increased age, male sex, and patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were predisposed to develop ACS. Smoking did not affect the severity or pattern of artery involvement.