Abstract
Application of CO2 through water reduces the soil solution pH, causing variations in nutrient mobility and consequent effects on the absorption. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of carbon dioxide rates supplied by drip irrigation in the production of Capsicum frutescens L. crop. A randomized block design with four treatments and eight replications was used. The treatments were four rates of CO2: 0 (T1), 451.95 (T2); 677.93 (T3) and 903.92 (T4) kg ha-1. The fruits were counted and weighed; the length and the diameter were obtained from an average of 20 fruits per plant, randomly taken, from each treatment in the plot. The quadratic effect (p < 0.01) occurred for CO2 on the yield and there was quadratic effect (p < 0.05) of the rates on the number of fruits. There were no effects of CO2 rates on the green matter, dry matter and fruit length and diameter. The T2 treatment provided greater yield and higher number of fruits per plant with an increase of 16 and 26%, respectively in relation to T1 (without CO2). CO2 application favored the increase in the yield because of the greater number of fruits per plant in the Tabasco pepper crop.
Highlights
McIlhenny é uma olerícola originária da Bacia Amazônica, conhecida mundialmente pelo molho de pimenta que leva seu nome
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of carbon dioxide rates supplied by drip irrigation in the production of Capsicum frutescens L. crop
The fruits were counted and weighed; the length and the diameter were obtained from an average of 20 fruits per plant, randomly taken, from each treatment in the plot
Summary
O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido instalado na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Esalq – USP, localizada no município de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo. O sistema de aplicação de CO2 foi composto de cilindro de 11 kg, equipado com uma válvula reguladora de pressão, manômetro e fluxômetro com escala de 0,2 a 2,0 L min.-1 para quantificar o volume de CO2 injetado via água de irrigação com frequência de quatro dias. As doses de CO2 aplicadas foram quantificadas a cada aplicação por uma balança com precisão de 10 g, sendo o cilindro pesado durante a aplicação. Os frutos foram pesados e contados para obtenção da produção e do número de frutos e conduzidos para uma estufa ventilada com temperatura constante de 60 C, até atingirem massa constante para a determinação da matéria seca dos frutos. Para a medição do comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, realizada em uma amostra aleatória de 20 frutos por parcela em todas as colheitas, utilizou-se um paquímetro digital. O cálculo da máxima eficiência foi realizado de acordo com a metodologia descrita em Storck et al (2000)
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