PRODUKTIFITAS DAN PENDAPATAN PETANI SWADAYA, PLASMA, DAN PERUSAHAAN BESAR SWASTA (STUDI KASUS DI PROPINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR)

Zulkarnain Zulkarnain,Abdul Rahmi,Muhammad Erwan Suriaatmaja

doi:10.31602/zmip.v46i3.5260

Abstract

The development of oil palm plantations in East Kalimantan can encourage the improvement of the regional economy and the people's economy. The interest of farmers to cultivate oil palm plantations is quite large, however, the production results are not in line with expectations. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in productivity and income between independent smallholders, plasma, and large private companies. This research is a qualitative descriptive study referring to quantitative and comparative studies. It was conducted in 5 districts namely, Kutai Kartanegara, Kutai Timur, Penajam Paser Utara, Paser, and Berau in the largest oil palm plantation area in East Kalimantan. The results showed that (1) the productivity of oil palm plantations on large private- and plasma- plantations continued to increase until the age of more than 10 years, while in smallholder self-help plantations the highest productivity was at the age of 9 years, after that there was a decrease in productivity; and (2) the income of large private plantations and plasma plantations continues to increase until the age of the plant is > 10 years, while in smallholder plantations the highest income occurs at the age of 9 years.

Highlights

The development of oil palm plantations in East Kalimantan can encourage the improvement of the regional economy and the people's economy
The results showed that (1) the productivity of oil palm plantations on large private- and plasma- plantations continued to increase until the age of more than 10 years, while in smallholder self-help plantations the highest productivity was at the age of 9 years, after that there was a decrease in productivity; and (2) the income of large private plantations and plasma plantations continues to increase until the age of the plant is > 10 years, while in smallholder plantations the highest income occurs at the age of 9 years
2. Pendapatan perkebunan besar swasta dan perkebunan plasma terus meningkat sampai umur tanaman > 10 tahun, sedangkan pada perkebunan rakyat pendapatan tertinggi terjadi pada umur umur 9 tahun

Summary

Kutai Kartanegara 2 Kutai Timur 3 Penajam Paser Utara 4 Paser 5 Berau

Jenis dan Sumber Data Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah :. Bahwa teknik pengumpulan data dapat dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi lapangan dan studi literatur. Produktivitas Salah satu tujuan pengelolaan kebun kelapa sawit adalah untuk memperoleh produktivitas tanaman yang tinggi yaitu produksi yang dapat dicapai sesuai dengan kelas kesesuaian lahan. Berdasarkan data yang disajikan pada Tabel 2 di atas menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit pada perkebunan besar dan plasma terus meningkat sampai umur lebih dari 10 tahun, sedangkan pada perkebunan swadaya rakyat produktivitas tertinggi pada umur 9 tahun, setelah itu terjadi penurunan produktivitas. Keadaan ini juga sesuai dengan hasil penelitian yang dilaporkan oleh Tety (2013) bahwa produktivitas kebun kelapa sawit pola swadaya adalah lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan produktivitas kebun plasma maupun perkebunan besar.

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