Products of adaptive host immune response to viral agents in hyperthermia pediatric patients receiving malaria treatment and the immunoserologic status of their mothers

Abstract

Study Background: Hyperthermia is a manifestation of disease condition, which may also be as a result of immune response to the presence of infectious agent in the body that can be expressed in the serum/plasma. At times, it is erroneously assumed for Plasmodium infection. Aims and Objectives: This work was designed to express the products of adaptive host immune response to viral agents in hyperthermia pediatric patients receiving malaria treatment and the immunoserologic status of their mothers for effective management and diagnosis. Materials and Methods: One hundred and four hyperthermia children aged 5–9 years receiving treatment in herbal homes were investigated as test, while one hundred age-matched children with normal body temperature were recruited from Owo and Ose local government areas as control subjects. Mothers of the hyperthermia children were also studied. Antihepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) P24 antigen/antibody, anti-HBe, and HBeAg were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Plasmodium by Geimsa thick blood film, and acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl–Neelsen techniques. Results: R Results obtained showed that the frequency of anti-HBe in mothers of hyperthermia patients (10.6% [11]) and in children with normal body temperature (9% [9]) was higher than the frequency of anti-HBe obtained in the hyperthermia herbal home children (4.8% [5]) while the frequency of HBeAg found in hyperthermia herbal home children (14.4% [15]) and their mothers (14.4% [15]) was higher than the results obtained in children with normal body temperature (4% [4]). The frequency of anti-HCV in herbal home hyperthermia children (2.9% [3]) was higher than the results obtained in their mothers (1.9% [2]) and children with normal body temperature (1% [1]). The HIV P24 antigen/antibody expressed by the mothers of herbal home hyperthermia children (3.85% [4]) was higher the results obtained in their children (2.9% [3]), while none of the children with normal body temperature expressed HIV P24 antigen/antibody. The frequency of Plasmodium in mothers of herbal home hyperthermia children (19.2% [20]) was higher than the results obtained in their hyperthermia children (9.6% [10]) and children with normal body temperature (3% [3]). The frequency of HIV in hyperthermia was 2.9% (3), while that of active/replicating hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV was 14.4% (HBeAg) and 2.9% (anti-HCV), respectively. Only mothers of hyperthermia herbal home children expressed 1.6% (2) HIV P24Ag/Ab + HBeAg + anti-HBe. None of the mothers of hyperthermia herbal home children expressed HIV P24 antigen/antibody and infected with Plasmodium as against 2.9% (3) and 9.6% (10) obtained in their children. 1.6% (2) of the mothers of hyperthermia herbal home children expressed anti-HCV as against 2.9% (3) of their children who expressed the immunoserologic marker, while the hyperthermia herbal home children and their mothers expressed anti-HBe (4.8%[5] vs. 4.8% [5]) and HBeAg (14.4%[15] vs. 14.4% [15]). Conclusion: Products of adaptive host immune response expressed in hyperthermia pediatric patients receiving malaria treatment and the immunoserologic status of their mothers include HIV P24Ag/Ab, HBeAg, anti-HBe, and anti-HCV, while the frequency of HIV in hyperthermia was 2.9% (3) and that of active/replicating HBV and HCV was 14.4% (HBeAg) and 2.9% (anti-HCV), respectively, with only HBV and HCV traceable to the mothers.