Productivity of narrow-leaved lupine depending on crop management practices

Abstract

Purpose. To determine the effect of elements of crop management practices on crop yield and seed productivity of narrow-leaved lupine in the Polissia of Ukraine. Methods. Field experiments on the exploring effect of seeding time, methods of sowing, seed sowing rates, as well as the rates and terms of fertilizer application on crop yield of narrow-leaved lupine were carried out according to conventional techniques with new early ripening varieties Olimp, Peremozhets (grain-fodder) and Hrozynskyi 9 (universal). Results. The influence of seeding time and methods of sowing, seed sowing rates and provision of mineral nutrition on grain yield of narrow-leaved lupine has been studied. On cultivated soils with a sufficient supply of readily available forms of phosphorus and potassium, it is possible to obtain the optimal grain yield of narrow-leaved lupine of both forage and universal purpose of use. The optimal seeding rate which ensures high yields of marketable grain by means of common line seeding method is 1,200,000 viable seeds per hectare. The application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers when combining with low mineral nitrogen rates, increases grain yield of narrow-leaved lupine and foliar fertilizing promotes the increase in both seed number and vegetative mass of plants, resulting in significant increase in plant stand height and leaf mass of the varieties studied. Conclusions. On average for 2011–2015, the highest grain yield of 25.1–30.7 centner/ha and conditional seed yield of 22.3–27.9 centner/ha of narrow-leaved lupine were formed when it was sown at soil temperature of 8 oC with seeding rate of 1,200,000 viable seeds per hectare using common line method with a row spacing of 15 cm, when applying complex mineral fertilizer N30P60K60 with two foliar top dressings with water-soluble NPK fertilizers in combination with microelements.