Abstract
The paper considers the experimentally confirmed data on marl efficiency in the zones with increased level of radionuclides in the soil (5–10 and 15–40 Ki/km2) in the last third of female pig pregnancy in the amount of 2.0 % of the diet dry matter. Feeding with local mineral supplement increases the reproductive functions of breeding pigs, in particular, the number of stillborn piglets decreased by 1.64–7.70 % and their safety to weaning increased by 4.8–11.9 %. The increase of redox and metabolic processes in the animal body of the experimental groups positively affected the milking capacity of the breeding stock increasing it by 6.8–21.9 % and the growth of piglets, which was confirmed by their larger body weight by 3.3 and 4.6 %. The sorption properties of marl allowed reducing the concentration of toxic lead in the body of breeding pigs (by 40.17 and 42.01 %) and cadmium (by 20.57 and 24.42 %), decreasing the transition of cesium-137 isotope to beestings milk by 1.34 and 1.28 times. In areas with high soil pollution with radiocesium in Bryansk region, the use of natural marl sorbent in breeding pigs’ diets activates their immunity, hematopoietic functions, accelerates assimilation of protein and mineral exchange.
Highlights
In the Russian Federation, the agricultural production is carried out in different natural and climatic zones, which have their own mineral composition of soil, organic component, which largely determines the nutritional value of fodders, the full feeding value of farm animals and poultry.The territory of Bryansk region was previously subject to radioactive contamination as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster, which resulted in the withdrawal of a large proportion of agricultural lands in five municipal areas
The sorption properties of natural mineral additives are used to remove the excessive amount of anti-nutrient substances, underoxidized biological exchange products, which got into the animal organism from natural technogenic emissions
Due to the fact that marl contains deficient mineral substances, when entering the animal body, it is able to improve the synthesis of protein and other compounds, facilitate the course of normal metabolic reactions without changing their direction and biological essence
Summary
In the Russian Federation, the agricultural production is carried out in different natural and climatic zones, which have their own mineral composition of soil, organic component, which largely determines the nutritional value of fodders, the full feeding value of farm animals and poultry.The territory of Bryansk region was previously subject to radioactive contamination as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster, which resulted in the withdrawal of a large proportion of agricultural lands in five municipal areas. In the Russian Federation, the agricultural production is carried out in different natural and climatic zones, which have their own mineral composition of soil, organic component, which largely determines the nutritional value of fodders, the full feeding value of farm animals and poultry. The sorption properties of natural mineral additives are used to remove the excessive amount of anti-nutrient substances, underoxidized biological exchange products, which got into the animal organism from natural technogenic emissions. The regional analysis of the territorial zones of the country shows that at a relatively small depth there is a huge reserve of natural mineral compounds with high biological properties, relative to both sorption and desorption of many biogenic food elements. Bryansk region has deposits of natural sorbents with different mineral composition
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