Productivity and quality of cotton fiber in different planting seasons

Cynthia Pereira Gundim,Victor Martins Da Silveira,Larissa Barbosa De Sousa,Luiza Amaral Medeiros,Melissa Cristina Carvalho De Miranda,Daniel Bonifácio Oliveira Cardoso

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48206

Cynthia Pereira Gundim, Victor Martins Da Silveira + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48206

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Abstract

Cotton is one of the main agricultural products produced in Brazil. With such a high demand in the market, it is necessary that the cotton cultivars present high productivity and fiber quality. In order to favor the expression of the potential of the genotypes, the cultivation must occur in climatic conditions that provide good development of the plants, being the sowing time a primordial factor for the good performance of the cotton plant. In order to establish an ideal sowing season for different cotton genotypes, the present study aimed to evaluate the best sowing season of cotton genotypes for the environment of Uberlândia (Minas Gerais State), aiming at productivity and fiber quality. The experiment was carried out in field conditions, in the 2016/2017 harvest in the experimental area located at Fazenda Capim Branco, in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State. A randomized complete block design (DBC) with four replications in a 4x7 factorial scheme was used: 4/12 sowing dates: 05/12, 19/12, 30/12, 13/01 and 7 genotypes. 5 strains of the breeding program of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) and 2 commercial cultivars. The evaluated characteristics were: seed cotton yield, feather yield, micronaire index, maturity index, fiber length, uniformity of length, short fibers, resistance and elongation. It was concluded that the best sowing season for a high productivity was the one performed on 12/05/16, with emphasis on the UFUJP-Z genotype. For fiber quality, UFUJP-C showed the best results at the 12/19/16 sowing season.

Highlights

The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has great socioeconomic importance worldwide, given its influence in several sectors of society, besides the wide use of its by-products (CHITARRA, 2014).In economic terms, the crop is considered as “trina”, for producing fiber as the main product, which currently dresses almost half of humanity, as well as oil for human consumption and energy production through biodiesel (BELTRÃO; AZEVEDO, 2008; HEQUET, 2014).In Brazil, the farming is of great importance in the agricultural trade balance
Due to the great extent of the Cerrado, cotton cultivars are exposed to a high diversity of environmental conditions, such as temperature, precipitation and luminosity, the agricultural zoning being an indication of ideal growing conditions
The agricultural zoning takes into account the environmental conditions favorable to the good development of the crop, highlighting the sowing season

Summary

Introduction

The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has great socioeconomic importance worldwide, given its influence in several sectors of society, besides the wide use of its by-products (CHITARRA, 2014).In economic terms, the crop is considered as “trina”, for producing fiber as the main product, which currently dresses almost half of humanity, as well as oil for human consumption and energy production through biodiesel (BELTRÃO; AZEVEDO, 2008; HEQUET, 2014).In Brazil, the farming is of great importance in the agricultural trade balance. Based on what has been mentioned above, this study had as objective to evaluate the best sowing season of different cotton genotypes in the region of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, aiming better productivity and fiber quality.

Results

Conclusion