Productive and adaptive potentials of Renet Simirenko variety on rootstocks with different growth rates in arid conditions

Elizaveta Ivanenko,Tatiana Menshutina,E Egorov,I Ilina,E Yakimenko,N Zaporozhets

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213401008

Abstract

This article presents the results of the economic and biological assessment of the Renet Simirenko variety grown on rootstocks of different growth rates under conditions of insufficient moisture and high thermal stress in the arid zone of the Northern Caspian region. The purpose of the research is to study and identify scion-rootstock combinations of the Renet Simirenko variety, which most fully realize the potential of productivity, early maturity, and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors. Studied variety grew more intensively on dwarf rootstocks (SK4, SK7), semi-dwarf (SK2, SK5), and average height 54-118, restrained growth of tree-holes was provided by dwarf rootstocks SK3, P16, P59, P60. In most combinations of dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, flowering began in the year of planting, fruiting - in the second year of garden growth, which indicates the potential of early maturity. Rootstocks SK3, SK4, SK2, and 54-118 provided the maximum average and total yield of marketable fruiting in comparison with the control for 7 years. In the Astrakhan region, it is advisable to grow the Renet Simirenko variety on low-growing rootstocks SK3, SK4, SK2, and average growth 54-118, the most resistant to the destabilizing factors of the climate of the arid zone and providing high regularity.

Highlights

In modern horticulture, the centerpiece of intensive technology is the scion-rootstock combination
Of the 20 apple varieties approved for use in the region, the Renet Simirenko variety, which is very in demand when setting gardens, which has proven itself especially well in the steppe regions
The smallest height (2.3...3.2 m), the average crown diameter (2.4...2.9 m), the cross-sectional area of the stem (37.4...47.8 cm2) Renet Simirenko had on dwarf rootstocks SK3, P16, Р59, Р60 and semi-dwarf 62-396, respectively, and the indicators of crown architectonics on these rootstocks had the lowest values: 2.7...5.9 m3 – volume and 4.5...6.6 m2 – crown projection area

Summary

Introduction

The centerpiece of intensive technology is the scion-rootstock combination. Numerous studies have established that the same scion-rootstock combinations behave differently when grown under different conditions. It is necessary to know how rootstocks affect the growth processes and productivity of trees, resistance to limiting factors and other indicators in specific soil and climatic conditions [1,2,3]. Household and peasant-farm gardening in the Astrakhan region has been developing more and more. The area of the new plantings has reached 400 hectares. Of the 20 apple varieties approved for use in the region, the Renet Simirenko variety, which is very in demand when setting gardens, which has proven itself especially well in the steppe regions

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Conclusion