Production of ultrafine-grained spherical β-WC-W2C-Co microparticles by electro discharge erosion of WC-15Co alloy in glycerol and their solutions

Abstract

The present work is devoted to the study of the production of ultrafine-grained (UFG) spherical microparticles by electro discharge erosion (EDE) of the WC-15Co cemented carbide in glycerol, distilled water, and their solutions. Energy costs, productivity, particle size distribution, and morphological and chemical compositions of the obtained powders were studied. It was found that energy cost is reduced by 2.2 times when glycerol was used instead of water. The use of water reduces carbon content from 5.2% to 1.4%. The use of glycerol and its aqueous solutions reduces carbon loss and increases its content in the obtained powders from 3.2% to 6.1%. During SE, cobalt, carbon, and tungsten evaporate from spherical particles and crystallize in the form of ultrafine particles, which subsequently remain in suspension after sedimentation of spherical particles. Mass fractions of sedimented spherical particle fractions ranged from 75% to 82%. Cobalt and carbon content in the spherical particles obtained in glycerol decrease from 15% to 10% and from 5.2% t to 3.1% respectively. The particles consist of rounded carbide grains (β-WC and W2C) with a diameter of up to 500 nm, the space between which is filled with cobalt. Microhardness of the particles increased from 12.1 GPa (initial alloy) to 15.6 (EDE in water)—23.7 GPa (EDE in glycerol).