Production of Cold-Active Bacterial Lipases through Semisolid State Fermentation Using Oil Cakes

Babu Joseph,Supriya Upadhyaya,Pramod Ramteke

doi:10.4061/2011/796407

Abstract

Production of cold active lipase by semisolid state fermentation involves the use of agroindustrial residues. In the present study, semisolid state fermentation was carried out for the production of cold active lipase using Micrococcus roseus, isolated from soil samples of Gangotri glaciers, Western Himalayas. Among various substrate tested, groundnut oil cake (GOC) favored maximal yield of lipases at 15 ± 1°C within 48 h. Supplementation of glucose 1% (w/v) as additional carbon source and ammonium nitrate 2% (w/v) as additional nitrogen source enhanced production of lipase. Addition of triglycerides 0.5% (v/v) tends to repress the lipase production. Further mixed preparation of groundnut oil cake (GOC) along with mustard oil cake (MOC) in the ratio of 1 : 1, and its optimization resulted in improved production of cold active lipase. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 10–15°C and was stable at temperatures lower than 30°C. The lipase exhibited optimum activity at pH 8 and showed more than 60% stability at pH 9. Semisolid state fermentation process by utilizing agroindustrial wastes will direct to large-scale commercialization of lipase catalyzed process in cost-effective systems.

Highlights

The Gangotri is the second largest Himalayan glacier, situated in the Uttarkashi of Uttaranchal (India) between 30◦44 and 30◦56 N and 79◦4 and 79◦15 E, draining in northwestern direction, is an excellent source of psychrophiles
Among these 12 lipolytic strains, isolate CAL-7 showing clear zone of maximum diameter on tributyrin agar medium at 15 ± 1◦C was selected as potential strain for cold active lipase production
As shown in present research, the cold active bacterial lipases could be economically produced by M. roseus under semi-solid state fermentation using cheaply available groundnut oil cake as potent substrate

Summary

Introduction

The Gangotri is the second largest Himalayan glacier, situated in the Uttarkashi of Uttaranchal (India) between 30◦44 and 30◦56 N and 79◦4 and 79◦15 E, draining in northwestern direction, is an excellent source of psychrophiles. A variety of cold active enzymes have been found in psychrophiles [2,3,4] One such example is cold active lipases, which are largely distributed in microorganisms existing at low temperatures nearly 5◦C. Cold active lipases are one of the important and widely used enzymes whose spectrum of applications has widened in many industries such as in detergent formulations, food industry, leather processing, environmental bioremediations, and fine chemical synthesis as well as in pharmaceutical industries [5]. Their production cost limits their industrial use [6, 7]. Emerging trends emphasize that semi-solid and solid-state fermentation systems have real potential for the judicious management of bacteria in industry

Methods

Results

Conclusion