Abstract
The CO content of irradiated (Th, U)O 2 kerneled HTR fuel particles has been measured by mass spectrometry. An evaluation of all the data thus obtained showed that the oxygen release, O/f (atoms per fission), during irradiation is governed by thermodynamic equilibrium; O/f is a function of the irradiation temperature T(K), the initial Th/U-235 ratio N, and the burnup F (fissions per initial heavy metal atom). Within the limits of 1073 < T < 2273, 4 < N <50, and 0.04 < F < 0.17, the oxygen release can be represented by the expression log 10O/f = 0.96 − 4420/T + 0.4 log 10N + 0.3 log 10F . The attainment of equilibrium proceeds rather slowly; at 1473 K it takes about 130 h to reach 99% of the equilibrium value. Coated particles which had undergone large fission-product losses showed significantly increased oxygen release values.
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