Abstract
Abstract Castor oil maleate is used in healthcare products, synthetic lubricants, drying oils, water-soluble paints and as a monomer in several polymers. This compound is formed by direct reaction between castor oil and maleic anhydride, which can be accelerated using free radical catalysts. In this work, the influence of processing temperature and the concentration of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) in the production of castor oil maleate was studied applying response surface methodology. The results showed that the use of the radical initiator increased the rate of reaction, leading to a shorter reaction time and higher productivity. The optimal operating condition was found at 120oC, 1 mol of maleic anhydride/mol of castor oil and 0.005 mol of DTBP/mol of castor oil, yielding 90.2% of castor oil maleate in 90 min.
Highlights
Castor oil maleate is a substance produced by the chemical reaction of castor oil and maleic anhydride
Its reaction with maleic anhydride occurs through the substitution of the hydroxyl group by maleic anhydride, forming castor oil maleate (Wang et al, 2008)
Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) was fed to the reaction mixture before heating of the reactor started, following the mass ratios presented in Table 1, which were designed based on a 22 central composite experimental design
Summary
Castor oil maleate is a substance produced by the chemical reaction of castor oil and maleic anhydride This maleinated oil is employed in healthcare products, synthetic lubricants, drying oils, water-soluble paints and as monomer in some biodegradable polymers (Candy et al, 2005; Hashem et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2008; Warth et al, 1997). Castor oil consists of 90-94% of 12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic esters (esters from ricinoleic acid). This particular ester has three functional groups (carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and a C-C double bond) that can react producing several castor oil adducts (Mutlu and Meier, 2010; Ogunniyi, 2006). Its reaction with maleic anhydride occurs through the substitution of the hydroxyl group by maleic anhydride, forming castor oil maleate (Wang et al, 2008)
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