Abstract
The objective of this study is to relate the amount of phosphorus (P) provided by agrochemicals (herbicides and phosphate fertilizers) to soil sown with genetically modified (GM) crops (soybeans and maize) with total phosphorus (TP) in waters of agricultural basins in Uruguay, South America. With this aim, the number of soybean and maize events resistant to glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium, the total area sown with these GM crops, herbicides and phosphate fertilizers consumption, and TP in the main river of the country in the 2010-2019 period were considered. We found out that the relationship of the annual average of TP with P via herbicides is robust and statically significant, and the relationship with P contribution via fertilizers is strong but no statically significant. Therefore, herbicides must be taken into account as a probable cause of eutrophication of aquatic systems in order to achieve environmental standards.
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