Production of 3 Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Soilless Farming System Based on Intermittent Irrigation as Urban Farming Method

Abstract

The increase of Indonesians is one of the reasons for the high demand of rice along with the main reason for the reduction of fields due to land use change. This problem triggers farmers to cultivate rice without using land as a planting medium, especially in urban areas (urban farming). This study aims to determine the differences in production on 3 varieties of rice in the soilless cultivation system with intermittent irrigation as an urban farming method. The experimental was arranged in a complete randomized factorial design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is rice variety consisting of Ciherang, IR 64, and Mapan 05, while the second factor is the type of soilless medium consisting of topsoil+husk+non-intermittent, water+husk+non-intermittent, water+non-intermittent, and water+ intermittent every day. The results showed that Mapan 05 variety had the best response on panicle length (22.57 cm), number of grains per panicle (113.97 grains), number of filled grains per panicle (100.35 cm), and grain weight per clump (47.48 g). Meanwhile, topsoil+husk+non-intermittent media had the best effect on panicle length (23.14 cm), root length (37.28 cm), number of grains per panicle (111.48 grains), number of filled grains per panicle (97.31 grains), and weight of 1000 grains (32.63 g). In general, there was an interaction between both treatments on the ratio of shoots and roots. The addition of husks to the planting media is thought can make the planting media in the desired condition of the plant so that nutrients, oxygen, and other needs can be obtained by plants easily which results in high production.