Abstract
ABSTRACT: Improper management of weeds is one of the causes of low bean yield, as it is very susceptible to interference due to their slow initial growth. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dayflower on grain yield and nutrient accumulation of bean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a screened house, in 5 L pots, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Factor 1 corresponded to the presence or absence of weeds, and factor 2 bean cultivars: BRS Pontal, BRS Agreste, BRS Ametista and BRS Estilo. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. The coexistence of bean and weed was maintained throughout the crop cycle. Chlorophyll content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, nutrients contents (N - nitrogen, P - phosphorus, K - potassium, Ca - calcium, Mg - magnesium, Mn - manganese, Fe - iron and Zn - zinc) in grains were evaluated. Competition with weeds negatively influenced chlorophyll content, number of pods, yield and N content in grains. The interaction was significant to P, Mg and Fe contents in grains, demonstrating that competition with weeds may impair allocation of these nutrients, resulting in grains of inferior nutritional quality. The cultivar BRS Agreste was more efficient to accumulate P and Mg in grains in competition with dayflower.
Highlights
The bean crop has low competitive capacity due to the slow initial growth and superficial root system, which become the crop extremely impaired by weeds (Teixeira et al, 2009)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of weed competition on nutrient accumulation and production in different bean cultivars
Coexistence with weeds resulted in lower chlorophyll contents in bean crop and the number of pods per plant, number of grains and, grain yield decreased (Table 1)
Summary
The bean crop has low competitive capacity due to the slow initial growth and superficial root system, which become the crop extremely impaired by weeds (Teixeira et al, 2009). Competition with weeds may cause morphophysiological changes according to Cury et al (2013), who observed variation on accumulation efficiency, transport and use efficiency of N, P and K according to bean genotype and competing weed species. That cause most crop damage are dayflower (Commelina diffusa L.) (Guimarães et al, 2007). This specie presents intensively hairy stem and leaf and elliptical leaf, which facilitate its installation and survival, perennial habit, easy propagation and capacity to survive in adverse conditions (Rocha et al, 2007)
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