Production and Characterization of Green gasoline Obtained by Thermal Catalytic Cracking of Crude Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) in a Pilot Plant

Silvio Alex Pereira Mota,Andréia De Andrade Mancio,Nélio Teixeira Machado,Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges

doi:10.14808/sci.plena.2017.012717

Abstract

This study investigated the production and characterization of green gasoline obtained from crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.), which was submitted at a process of thermal catalytic cracking in a pilot plant. The cracking reactions were carried out in a reactor of 143 L, operating in batch mode at 450ºC and atmospheric pressure, using 20% (w/w) sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as catalyst. The organic product liquid (OLP) obtained in the cracking was submitted the distillation in laboratory scale using a column vigreux type. The results show that the yields in OLP obtained in the presence of Na2CO3 were of 65.86%, with acid value of 1.02 mg KOH/g and an elevated formation of gas residual. In relating to the green gasoline this presented a low kinematic viscosity value of 0,72 (mm2.s-1) and acid value of 1,11 mg KOH/g. GC–MS analysis indicated in chemical composition of the green gasoline a percentage of 52,78% of hydrocarbon, of these 15,78% are paraffinic compounds, 31,54% of olefin, 3,50% of naphthenic and 1,94% of aromatic compounds

Highlights

The Earth Planet, has suffered big changes, physical and chemical, economic changes, social and environmental, due to population increase and an elevated dependence of fossil fuels [1]
The crude palm oil was characterized, and the results are shown in the Table 1
The crude palm oil presented physical-chemical properties in accordance to the Brazilian National Agency of Sanitary Vigilance (1999) [27], as well as to the physical chemical properties found at Akinola et al (2010) [18]

Summary

Introduction

The Earth Planet, has suffered big changes, physical and chemical, economic changes, social and environmental, due to population increase and an elevated dependence of fossil fuels [1]. Biofuels are used mainly on transport vehicles, as well as in electrical energy generator engines [3]. The oils or triacylglycerols (TAG) and animal fat, pure or modified, has been applied on many ways of chemical products production, such as lubricants, biofuels, coatings, structural adhesives and others [4]. The application follows three strategies: the direct use on engines [5], the transesterification [6] and the cracking [7, 11, 12]. The process of cracking or pyrolysis is one of the most important processes on the oil refinery industry; the process is useful on the production of biofuels obtained through biomass [8, 11, 12]

Methods

Results

Conclusion