Prodigious Azocalix[4] Pyrrole Super-molecule: Effective Reagent for Liquid-liquid Extraction, Preconcentration and Transport of Cu(II) Ions

Hiren C Mandalia,Vinod K Jain

doi:10.5923/j.aac.20110101.01

Abstract

A novel series of eight prodigious calix(4)pyrrole super-molecules bearing azo-moiety at the meso position of the macrocycle have demonstrated the ability for liquid-liquid extraction, preconcentration and transport of Cu(II) ions across a liquid membrane. Various significant extraction parameters such as effect of pH, effect of solvent and effect of reagent concentration were investigated which showed high affinity and selectivity towards Cu(II) in the presence of large quantities of associated metal ions. The wavelengths of maximum extraction (λ max) and molar absorptivity (e) have also been determined. The stoichiometry of complex was evaluated by slope ratio method. The system obeys Beer's law over the range 0.5-10.0 μg mL -1 . Liquid membrane transport studies of Cu(II) were carried out from source to the receiving phase under controlled conditions and a mechanism of transport is proposed. To check the validity of the proposed method, Cu(II) was analyzed in natural and ground water samples of Ahmedabad city, Gujarat, India.

Highlights

The design and synthesis of a variety of host molecules is a challenging topic in the field of molecular recognition chemistry because of the promising new functions of these novel compounds or the fantastic features attainable by forming supramolecular complexes from the host and guest molecules[1]
The developments of most chromogenic reagents based on the supramolecular calixarenes have been achieved by attaching a chromogenic moiety/chelating moiety
There have been few reports wherein macrocycles such as calixarene[4], calixresorcinarene[5], thiacalixarene[6] and crown-ether[7] are used as components for the preparation of azo dyes but the research in the area of calix[4]pyrrole based dyes[8] is still in infancy

Summary

Introduction

The design and synthesis of a variety of host molecules is a challenging topic in the field of molecular recognition chemistry because of the promising new functions of these novel compounds or the fantastic features attainable by forming supramolecular complexes from the host and guest molecules[1]. Synthetic chromo-ionophores that give rise to specific color changes on selective complexation with cations have attracted considerable attention as efficient spectrophotometric analytic reagents for the detection of particular species as well as the design of supramolecular devices having recognition and optical sensing functions[2,3]. The developments of most chromogenic reagents based on the supramolecular calixarenes have been achieved by attaching a chromogenic moiety/chelating moiety. Important positive and negative roles of trace heavy metal ions in human health are known[9]. Lot of studies[10] has been performed for the determination of trace metal

Methods

Results

Conclusion