Procena fizičke aktivnosti i funkcionalne sposobnosti vojnih osiguranika starijih od 70 godina

Abstract

Introduction: Physical activity has a positive effect on numerous chronic and functional disabilities of the elderly people. The aim of the study is to evaluate the physical and functional activity of the elderly (military insured), their leisure activities; and to try and provide information on the appropriate ways of assistance to them. Method: In this cross sectional study participants were surveyed questionnaire developed specially for the study. Some of the respondents completed the questionnaire on their own, the others answered the questions posed by the interviewer. Results: The study included 100 subjects: 39 men and 61 women. Average age: 80.1 ± 5.7 years. Education: with bachelor degree (32%); high school degree (29%); elementary school degree (24%). Financial situation: 'above average' (17% of respondents); 'mediocre' (70% of respondents); 'below average' (11% of respondents). Chronic diseases: the most common diseases of the heart and blood vessels (84%), diseases of the musculoskeletal system (80%), diseases of the senses (30%), diabetes (31%). Everyday activities: 74% of the respondents are active more than 2 hours per day. Recreational activities: walking (29%), gymnastics exercises (30%); yoga and pilates (2% of patients). Reason for the low physical activity: lack of public assistance (42%); lack of interest (51%). Discussion: Elderly people are physically active mostly through walking and gymnastic exercises. However, we cannot help noticing the alarming lack of recreational and sporting activities. The reasons have to do mostly with the numerous chronic diseases and lack of public assistance as well as the inertness of the elderly people themselves. Conclusion: It is necessary that the health service, especially service of physical medicine and rehabilitation and sports organizations pay more attention to the elderly. It is necessary to pay them regular visits and to allow them frequent rehabilitation. Elderly people should also be enabled to organize various recreational and sports activities on their own but under the supervision of health workers.