Abstract
The Ozerninsky ore cluster is a unique geological megastructure in terms of the concentration of rich and diverse mineralization. More than 20 deposits of lead, zinc, iron, copper, barite, and gold are concentrated here, including the Ozernoye polymetallic deposit, the largest in Russia in terms of the zinc reserve. Our studies have shown that many morphological features of the ores of this deposit, which most researchers assign to the hydrothermal-sedimentary type, are ambiguous; some signs of a metasomatic origin of the sulfide mineralization are observed. Along with lead-zinc deposits, complex gold-polymetallic, iron-oxide (hematite-magnetite), and copper-barite deposits are known within the Ozerninsky ore cluster, the origin of which remains debatable. Due to the wide distribution of exogenous gold deposits, there exists a need to assess the gold content of various types of the endogenous ore mineralization as potential sources of the precious metals. Despite the rather long period of studies of the Ozerninsky ore cluster (more than half a century), many questions related to ratios of the different mineralization types, the age, genesis of the ores, and geodynamic settings of formation of the deposits are still the subject of discussion. Solution of these issues requires more detailed geochronological and lithological-stratigraphic investigations conducted in combination with studying the mineral composition of the ores, their isotope-geochemical characteristics, and the physico-chemical formation conditions.
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