PROBLEMS OF THE ADAPTIVE APPROACH TO THE SOCIALIZATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL

Abstract

Relevance. In situations of forced resettlement, most Ukrainians demonstrate active adaptation to new living conditions, but they may not develop a psychological state of internal balance and well-being. The reason for this is communication difficulties, the migrant's inability to integrate into local communities. This raises the problem of "social adaptation-maladaptation" - the leading mechanism of interaction between an individual and a new social environment. Methodology. To prove the hypothesis: long-term psychological maladaptation leads to the marginalization of the individual and the formation of special marginal communities, it should be assumed that 1) subjective indicators of an individual's adaptability in a group are: a) understanding of the system of relationships and role relations in the group; b) acceptance of one's own role, accompanied by a sense of emotional comfort; c) experiencing a state of personal well-being in this environment; 2) the degree of adaptation - maladaptation of a person depends on: the significance of changes in the objective circumstances of life and subjective readiness for self-change. Results. Four limitations of the adaptive paradigm of socialization have been identified: 1) in difficult life circumstances, adaptation allows an individual to survive, but the quality of his life is significantly reduced and there is a threat of consolidating unproductive life strategies. 2) adaptation does not always lead to an increase in the well-being of the individual and can become a significant factor in his neurotization. 3) the reverse side of adaptation is the marginalization of the individual and the formation of marginal communities. Adaptation performs a stabilizing function in society, but also acts as a limitation for the development of personality and social innovation. An important addition to the adaptation model of socialization should be the idea of social integration of the individual.