Problems of primary processing of cotton and biotechnological method of their solution

Abstract

T he aim of the research i s to solve the problems of preserving the natural properties of cotton fiber and seeds. After analyzing the reasons that deteriorate the quality of cotton fiber and seeds, a new non-waste technology for cleaning cotton is proposed, as well asadditional resources for making a profit, which are biofertilizer, bio-solution and alkali. Methods and results. In laboratory conditions, biofertilizers and a solution were obtained with properties close to those of biofertilizers and solutions with the addition of dust extracted during cotton cleaning. To do this, in 30 kg of land collected from the fields, which could be moved by a light wind, were added5 kg of sheep manure, 5 kg of cattle manure, 3 kg of chicken manure, 0.5 kg of nitrate, 0.5 kg of urea, 0.5 kg of phosphate fertilizers as catalysts, they were placed in a 100 liter container, filled with water and following the procedure the desired product was obtained. The use of biological solution and biofertilizer contributes to the restoration of the fertile structure of the soil, an increase in cotton yield by 25–30%, improvement of the natural properties of cotton fiber and seeds, ecology.