Abstract
The electric power industry is a branch of energy that includes the production, transmission and subsequent sale of electricity. Generating companies do not sell electricity directly to the population, but produce electricity and supply it to the wholesale market, where it is bought by sales companies, guaranteeing suppliers, independent energy marketing companies and large industrial consumers. Based on the results of a comparative analysis of the financial activities of energy marketing enterprises of the Russian Federation, problems are identified, imbalances and strategic plans for their development are determined. The results showed that the development of the energy industry as a whole depends on the financial activities of guaranteeing electricity suppliers. Unlike an independent power supply company, the activity of guaranteeing suppliers is less profitable and low-profitable, and the financial condition, in turn, is characterized by low solvency and financial stability. The authors have identified the weaknesses and strengths of this development. It is noted that the weakest side is the violation of the repayment terms of funds in settlements by electricity consumers, which leads to the formation of a negative financial result. The identified problems of financial development allow production us to form direction.
Highlights
The electric power industry is a branch of energy that includes the production, transmission and subsequent sale of electricity
Generating companies do not sell electricity directly to the population, but produce electricity and supply it to the wholesale market, where it is bought by sales companies, guaranteeing suppliers, independent energy marketing companies and large industrial consumers
The results showed that the development of the energy industry as a whole depends on the financial activities of guaranteeing electricity suppliers
Summary
Электроэнергетика является отраслью, которая включает в себя производство, передачу и последующий сбыт электроэнергии. На основе результатов сравнительного анализа финансовой деятельности энергосбытовых предприятий Российской Федерации выявлены проблемы, определены диспропорции и стратегические планы их развития. Результаты показали, что развитие энергетической отрасли в целом зависит от финансовой деятельности гарантирующих поставщиков электроэнергии. В отличие от независимого энергосбытового предприятия деятельность гарантирующих поставщиков менее прибыльна и низкорентабельна, а финансовое состояние характеризуется низкой платежеспособностью и финансовой устойчивостью. Авторами выявлены слабые и сильные стороны такого развития. Что наиболее слабой стороной является нарушение сроков погашения средств в расчетах потребителями электроэнергии, что приводит к формированию отрицательного финансового результата. Выявленные проблемы финансового развития позволяют сформировать направления и стратегические цели, критерии их реализации и планы текущих конкретных мероприятий по улучшению финансовой деятельности энергосбытовых предприятий. Ключевые слова: регион, ресурсы, электроэнергетика, энергосбыт, рентабельность
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