Abstract
BackgroundProbiotic therapy can reduce the incidence of NEC. Therapeutic use of probiotics after NEC diagnosis reduces the severity of NEC in preterm infants or full-term infants is unclear. To evaluate the effect of probiotics on preventing the deterioration of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) from stage I to II/III.MethodsA retrospective matched cohort study was performed. Included patients were ultimately divided into two groups: the probiotic treatment group (probiotics were used ≥4 days) and the no probiotic treatment group. The differences in deterioration trends between the two groups were compared. Additionally, the risk factors associated with the deterioration of NEC were further analyzed with a case-control study.ResultsA total of 231 infants met the inclusion criteria. Eighty-one pairs were matched according to similar gestational age and birth weight. Before matching, we found that the rate of deterioration of NEC from stage I to II/III in the group with probiotic treatment was similar to that in the group without probiotic treatment (23.1% [25/108] vs 26.0% [32/123], P = 0.614). After matching, the rate of deterioration of NEC between the two groups still had no significant difference (21.0% [17/81] vs 27.2% [22/81], P = 0.358). Logistic regression analysis showed that sepsis after NEC was an independent risk factor for NEC deteriorating from stage I to II/III (OR 2.378, 95% CI 1.005–5.628, P = 0.049).ConclusionProbiotics may not prevent the deterioration of NEC from stage I to II/III in infants, but this conclusion should be treated with caution.
Highlights
Probiotic therapy can reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease with a mortality rate reaching up to 20– 30% [1, 2], and it has become an important cause of neonatal death
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic therapy on preventing the deterioration of NEC from stage I to stage II/III in infants
Summary
Probiotic therapy can reduce the incidence of NEC. Therapeutic use of probiotics after NEC diagnosis reduces the severity of NEC in preterm infants or full-term infants is unclear. To evaluate the effect of probiotics on preventing the deterioration of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) from stage I to II/III. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease with a mortality rate reaching up to 20– 30% [1, 2], and it has become an important cause of neonatal death. Infants with NEC commonly receive cessation of enteral nutrition, broad-spectrum antibiotics, Wang et al BMC Pediatrics (2019) 19:185 severity of NEC in preterm infants or full-term infants is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic therapy on preventing the deterioration of NEC from stage I to stage II/III in infants
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