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Abstract
As we know nutrients are necessary for the development and proper functioning of the human organism. Bioavailabilities of nutrients are the major concern rather than the supply of an adequate amount of nutrients in the diet. Many of the researches have been shown that the consumption of probiotics along with dairy foods buffers the acidity of the stomach and increases the bacterial survival rate into the intestine. A dairy product with probiotics also provides many of essential nutrients, including protein and calcium. From all the necessary nutrients the calcium having a major role in the human body including the development of bone and teeth are also regulating enzymes and many more. Calcium is the most essential nutrient, about 99% of calcium found in teeth and bone in the body and only 1% is found in serum. A numbers of researches have shown that adequate amount of calcium intake leads to reduce risk of fracture, Osteoporosis and Hypoglycaemia and diabetes in some population. Many of the researches suggested that the Probiotics having a significant role in improvement of calcium uptake and absorption, hence the present review gives information about the relationship of probiotics and calcium, ensuring higher bioavailability of calcium and promising a better bone health. Here, the review study showed a significant role of probiotics in calcium absorption and thus the bioavailabilities. Moreover, it is focused on glimpse of various studies and in-vitro models associated with the phenomena of calcium absorption and uptake.
Highlights
Severe GIT disorders results due to intestinal mucosal damage which causes the reduction of mucosal permeability and alters the calcium absorption, but many of the studies have proved that the probiotics are having role in cell proliferation, an adequate intake of probiotic results in significant effect on bone health [34 - 37]
Studies are proving the role of probiotics in calcium bioavailability
When we are talking about calcium bioavailability, it is the major challenge till to be overcome; because of poor bioavailability of present marketed calcium formulation which are failing to fulfill the daily need of calcium
Summary
The origins of yogurt are unknown, but the ancient records had mentioned the use of fermented milk for health benefits known from Vedic time as per record in Indian Ayurveda from about 6000 BC [1]. The term probiotics was first introduced by Nobel laureate Metchnikoff (1907), he hypothesized that regular consumption of yogurt responsible is for long life. After the publication of the book entitled: “The prolongation of life” by Elli Metchnikoff-1908 boosted the scientific interest in the area of probiotics. From the past century the probiotics proved their scientific efficacy towards human and animal health by reducing symptoms of lactose intolerance, boost the immune system, enhancing the synthesis of vitamins and bioavailability of nutrients Table 1, improving the gut health, and decreases the susceptibility towards the allergy, reducing the risk of cancer [4]
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