Abstract

Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations are observed in Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ flakes with high carrier concentration and low bulk mobility. These oscillations probe the protected surface states and enable us to extract their carrier concentration, effective mass, and Dingle temperature. The Fermi momentum obtained is in agreement with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements performed on crystals from the same batch. We study the behavior of the Berry phase as a function of magnetic fields. The standard theoretical considerations fail to explain the observed behavior.

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