Abstract
High-resolution cryo-EM and crystal structures of the HIV Env glycoprotein captured in the prefusion closed conformation have revealed a high degree of structural similarity across diverse strains of HIV. Biophysical data however indicate that Env is a highly dynamic assembly, and the level of dynamics and conformational sampling embodied in the trimeric complex can vary dramatically between HIV strains. Sequence, structural, and antigenic variation in HIV Env is a major barrier to development of an effective HIV vaccine.
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