Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Slope Failure in 3‐D Spatially Variable Soils by Finite Element Method

Abstract

Quantitative risk assessment of landslides induced by slope failure is an important precondition for formulating effective disaster prevention, mitigation measures, and establishing a landslide risk warning system. In general, the location of the critical slip surface and the failure mode is unlikely to be predicted due to the spatial variability in soil. It remains a challenging task to effectively identify the critical slip surface and conduct the efficient risk assessment based on a three‐dimensional (3‐D) slope with spatial variability. Based on Monte Carlo simulation and the random field method, a quantitative risk evaluation method for slope failure considering the spatial variability of soil parameters is proposed in the study. Compared with a uniform soil slope, the landslide volume, the critical slip surface, and the factor of safety considering the spatial variability of soil are all uncertain; thus, the soil spatial variability has a significant effect on the failure mode and stability of the slope. By using the random finite element method, the critical slip surface of the slope is accurately identified, the corresponding landslide volume and slide distance are calculated, and the modified risk index for a landslide is further enriched, which can provide the reference basis for predicting the landslide deformation, quantitatively evaluating the landslide risk, and mitigating the landslide disaster.