Abstract
On the basis of daily precipitation and discharges recorded in 1974–2013 relations between precipitation and runoff in the Kłodzka Valley (KV) in south-western Poland were analyzed. The degree of synchronicity between them was determined using the bivariate Archimedean copulas. This study aims at identifying and then describe in a probabilistic way the precipitation and runoff relations in the area playing an important role in the formation of water resources, but also particularly exposed to flooding. It was found that isolines of the synchronous occurrence of precipitation and total runoff in the Nysa Kłodzka catchment controlled by gauge Kłodzko had a zonal distribution, with the synchronicity values decreasing from south-east to north-west of the study area. This proves that its eastern part is more hydrologically active, compared to the western part, and as such it determines the amount of water resources of the study area. The decrease in synchronicity is influenced by the type and spatial distribution of precipitation, the structure of water supply, and the geological structure of the study area. Moreover, probabilistic methods applied in this research differ from those used in previous research on the hydrology of KV, as we propose using the copula functions. The method presented can be used to evaluate the availability of water resources in areas playing a key role in their formation on different scales.
Highlights
Accepted: 26 April 2021The hydrological cycle has many interconnected components, with runoff connecting precipitation to bodies of water [1]
This study aims at filling this research gap by identifying and describing elements of the water balance, and precipitation and runoff relations in the area playing an important role in formation of water resources, and exposed to flooding
Probabilistic methods applied in this research differ from those used in previous research on hydrology of Kłodzka Valley (KV), as we propose to use the copula function, which has been widely recognized in studies on the synchronous occurrence of hydrological and meteorological phenomena in a catchment
Summary
The hydrological cycle has many interconnected components, with runoff connecting precipitation to bodies of water [1]. There is much rainfallrunoff modelling that is carried out purely for research purposes as a means of formalizing knowledge about hydrological systems. The demonstration of such understanding is an important way to develop an area of science. While there are many examples of studies focusing primarily on the hydrological consequences of the assumed rainfall [4,5,6,7,8], the researches have rarely analyzed the precipitation-runoff relationship in terms of the water resource forming and the river regime types in the given area
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