PRINCIPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF PARTS OF SPEECH AND THEIR INTERPRETATION FROM AN INTERNAL PERSPECTIVE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF GERMAN AND RUSSIAN)

Abstract

Aim. To introduce the concept of the level organization of the parts of speech system and to offer their interpretation from the speaker's internal perspective.Methodology. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as linguistic methods of contextual and transformational analysis were used in this work.Results. The paper presents the concept of a level-based construction of the parts of speech system. The factors influencing the transitions of words from one part of speech to another are revealed. It is shown that the internal perspective finds its realization in parts of speech in the form of representation of phenomena and objects of the surrounding reality, as well as in the system of grammatical categories and in deicticity.Research implications. The study makes a certain contribution to the development of the concept of partial differentiation of words and criteria for their differentiation. The results obtained can be used in such academic course s as “General linguistics” and “Comparative typology of German and Russian languages”.