Principle and application of co-occurrence networks for freshwater ecosystem assessment

Abstract

快速有效的生物监测指标对于评估、保护、管理和恢复淡水生态系统至关重要.传统评估方法主要利用指示生物或类群的出现率和多度信息，但是忽略了水体环境中“生物”与“生物”，以及“生物”与“环境”间相互作用的复杂关系，而这些相互作用对淡水生态系统的生物多样性、生态系统服务功能以及生态系统对环境变化的响应有着深刻影响.生物共现网络是群落水平物种互作的结构模型，通过物种在群落出现及丰度数据，描述了物种间潜在的相互作用、群落的基本结构，反映群落在生态系统的功能和结构特性.生物共现网络展示了淡水生态系统中所有生物体之间潜在的相互作用关系，其拓扑结构特性可与特定的生态系统状态相关联，能够揭示生态系统的组织规律及其功能，可作为早期的、灵敏的生物指标，是一种很有应用前景的评估淡水生态系统状态和稳定性的工具.;Rapid, robust and cost-effective biological monitoring indicators are crucial for the assessment, protection, management, and restoration of freshwater ecosystems. Traditional biomonitoring has focused on the presence/absence or abundance of taxa of biological indicators, ignoring the complex relationships between organisms, and interactions between organisms and environmental factors in aquatic ecosystems. These complex interactions profoundly influence biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, as well as the system's sensitivity to environmental changes. A biological co-occurrence network is a structure model of species interaction at the community level. Based on the occurrence and abundance data of species in the community, the biological co-occurrence network demonstrates the complex biological interactions between species, the basic structure of the community, as well as the function and stability of the ecosystem. Biological co-occurrence networks provide an integrated vision of all the potential relationships occurring between organisms in freshwater ecosystems. Topological metrics of biological co-occurrence networks may be associated with specific ecosystem states, reveal underlying organizational rules of an ecosystem, and can be used as an early indicator of the functional response of the ecosystem. Thus, biological co-occurrence networks provide promising tools for evaluating the state and stability of a freshwater ecosystem.