Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney: A Case Study with Emphasis on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography Findings

Abstract

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the kidney is included in extrapulmonary SCC which is a group of extremely rare but highly aggressive cancers. There have been only a few case reports and small retrospective series in the literature describing the malignancy in kidneys. Most of the published reports describe the entity as a variant mixed with other tumor subtypes such as urothelial carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Pure-form SCC in kidneys is exceedingly rare. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography plays an essential role in the accurate staging evaluation of this cancer.