Primary Pulmonary Hodgkin's Lymphoma Revealed by a Cavitary Lung Lesion: A Case With an Atypical Presentation and Literature Review.

Abstract

Primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma (PPHL) is an uncommon condition that accounts for less than 1% of all lymphomas. The clinical and radiological presentation of PPHL is nonspecific. This case report aimed to highlight the misleading presentation of PPHL, which initially manifested as a pulmonary cavitary lesion. The presented case report describes a perplexing presentation of PPHL in a 24-year-old female patient. Initially suspected to have necrotizing pneumonia or pulmonary tuberculosis due to symptoms including cough, hemoptysis, and weight loss, the patient underwent various diagnostic procedures, including bronchoscopy and CT-guided biopsy, which failed to provide a definitive diagnosis. Surgical resection was eventually pursued, leading to the conclusive identification of PPHL. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with PPHL, emphasizing the importance of considering this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodular or cavitary lesions. Prompt recognition and accurate diagnosis are essential for optimal management and improved patient outcomes. PPHL is an infrequent neoplasm that often presents diagnostic dilemmas. It requires consideration within the appropriate clinical framework to ensure timely diagnosis and intervention.