Primary Education Institutions in the Centre of Kastamonu during and after the Tanzimat Period

Abstract

Education can be defined as the process of disciplining the cognitive and psychomotor skills innate in the individual with certain methods. The skills revealed in the individual begin to be shaped by internal and external stimuli during infancy. Thus, awareness is formed in the behaviours exhibited over time. With the socialisation process, especially external stimuli provide a definite basis for the individual’s behaviour on the individual-environment axis. The aim of social and political organisations may be to regulate the individual-environment relationship on an ideal ground and with a system of rules. In this context, educational institutions created for the benefit of society support the individual in cognitive terms and carry out activities to make psychomotor behaviours more aware. The historical memory of education can guide educators in the past, present and future cycle at the point of always achieving the better in the act of educating. In addition, examining the historical antecedents of local educational institutions will contribute to the construction of educational institutions today and to prepare individuals for the future with hope. In this study, it is aimed to introduce the primary educational institutions opened in the provincial centre of Kastamonu during and after the Tanzimat period, namely sıbyan mektepleri (elementary schools), iptidailer (primary schools) and rüştiyeler (secondary schools). Also, information about the establishment process of the schools, curricula, teaching materials, administrators and teachers of the institutions will be discussed.