Preventivni pregledi - značajan napredak u reformi primarne zdravstvene zaštite

Abstract

Service of Preventive Medical Care of Zajecar Health Center work out the preventive medical checkups in the field as a kind of organized activity which has the goal to make health care closer to it's beneficiaries. In this paper we are going to find out the results of preventive medical checkups / health control of cardiovascular system in adult population according to place of living, sex and age (29-39, 40-64, 65>) and to get an review how many of the patients have some health disturbances such as hypertension, high level of cholesterol and triglycerides and higher sugar in blood. We used the statistical test of frequency gradation in our research. In 2009, there were 5860 medical checkups done: 3432 (58,6%) patients were examined in urban areas and 2428 (41,4%) in rural areas. More than a half of the examined were the patients ages of 65 and more, one third were age of 40 to 64 and one fifth age of 29-39. Women were in majority. 67,2% of the examined had a higher blood pressure and 73,7% from that number were the patients age of 40-64. There is no statistical difference of hypertension frequency between sexes (χ2=2,190; p>0,05). 45,5 % of the examined patients had mild hypertension (140-159/90-99), 42% had moderate hypertension (160-179/100-109), the most of them were from urban area, age of 65 and more (81,6%) and 70,7% were from rural area, age of 40-64. Patients in rural areas had serious hypertension (≥180/≥110) mostly. There is statistical important difference in hypertension frequency between urban and rural population (χ2=40,589; p<0,001). One fourth of the examined patients had high cholesterol. Almost a half of the examined patients age of 29-39 and had high level of cholesterol. There is statistically important difference in frequency of high cholesterol between sexes (χ2=12,767; p<0,001). There is no statistically important difference in frequency of high cholesterol between urban and rural areas (χ2=1,862; p>0,05). High cholesterol was discovered in small number of population age of 65 and more. 18,2% of the examined had a high level of triglycerides, that is almost the same percent according the sex (χ2=0,347; p>0,05) and place of living (χ2=2,138; p>0,05). More than a half of the examined patients had a higher level of sugar in blood. There is important statistical difference in frequency of high sugar in blood between sexes (χ2=34,915; p<0,001) and between urban and rural population (χ2=60,999; p<0,001). 60,4 % of the patients with high sugar in blood had values of 6.1-7.0mmol/L. Very serious type of hyperglycemia (11.10mmol/L) was discovered in 10% of the examined, mostly in group age of 65 and more (18%). On the base of everything mentioned above, we can conclude that disturbances of cardiovascular system are more frequent among younger population, urban population and female population. There is a need to include more people in preventive medical checkups and promote health styles of living.