Abstract
Objective: to analyze the adherence of nursing professionals to preventive measures of infection by peripheral venous catheter. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in an adult intensive care unit with 47 nursing professionals. Results: statistically relevant measures for adherence to infection prevention were identified, such as double checking of drugs, verification of medication prior to administration, certification of allergy in patients prior to administration, separation of material prior to procedure, length of stay of the catheter for less than 72 hours, fixation exchange in 24 hours, actions related to the handling of the injection ports and connectors, and access salinization after administering solutions through the catheter. These measures were not yet fully added in the professional routines of the research subjects, despite professionals had stated they knew them (97.9%) and that the measures contributed to preventive actions (100.0%). Conclusion: the investigated nursing professionals showed low adherence to the preventive measures of infection in the peripheral venous catheters.
Highlights
Peripheral venous punctures and the use of invasive devices are common practices in health care settings and present a high risk of health care-related infections that may prolong hospitalizations in Intensive Care Units within 20 days and in the wards, in 22 days[1,2].According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Infusion Nurses Society (INS), millions of peripheral venous punctures are performed annually, and the use of peripheral venous catheters can lead to complications related to various risk factors
Failures related to the maintenance of catheters can reach 69.0% of the cases, requiring a new process of venous punctures for insertion of a peripheral venous catheter in order to complete the therapy, which may result in health care-related infections[3,4,5]
To perform the data collection, the following instruments were used: a structured checklist for the evaluation of the practices of nursing professionals, created by the authors, based on the manuals of the National Health Surveillance Agency, in the guideline of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in the practice standards in infusion therapy of Infusion Nurses Society, face-content validated by three area experts in order to ensure fidelity in reporting relevant information on infection prevention measures related to the peripheral venous catheter during pre-puncture and post-puncture; and a sociodemographic questionnaire, to characterize the professionals of the study
Summary
Peripheral venous punctures and the use of invasive devices are common practices in health care settings and present a high risk of health care-related infections that may prolong hospitalizations in Intensive Care Units within 20 days and in the wards, in 22 days[1,2].According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Infusion Nurses Society (INS), millions of peripheral venous punctures are performed annually, and the use of peripheral venous catheters can lead to complications related to various risk factors. Peripheral venous punctures and the use of invasive devices are common practices in health care settings and present a high risk of health care-related infections that may prolong hospitalizations in Intensive Care Units within 20 days and in the wards, in 22 days[1,2]. Researchers found that 70.0% of nosocomial infections are due to the use of the peripheral venous catheter, 30.0% of which could be prevented with standardized measures of care. Complications may be related to the use of a peripheral venous catheter, such as the origin of the drugs, the time of therapy, the characteristics of each patient, the professional’s skills, the preparation of the puncture site, the type of catheter material, caliber, manipulation, and fixation of the venous catheter, in addition to local or systemic complications, resulting in increased hospitalization time and morbidity and mortality[4,9,10]
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