Abstract
Recognized in England as a clinical entity in the late 1930s, posttransfusion hepatitis (homologous serum jaundice) has been a serious hazard in the therapeutic use of blood and its derivatives and an important deterrent to clinical investigation with blood derivatives since that time. Because it was a major complication in the treatment of wound shock in battle casualties with reconstituted pooled dried human plasma, considerable experimental work was carried out in human volunteers during and immediately after World War II. These studies led to the recognition that there were two types of hepatitis viruses: (1) that of infectious or epidemic hepatitis (IH; hepatitis A), usually transmitted by the fecal-oral route with an incubation period of approximately 30 days and only a brief period of viremia; and (2) that of posttransfusion or serum hepatitis (SH; hepatitis B), transmissible almost entirely by injection of blood or plasma, with a long incubation period
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